輕型鋼結構的防火與防腐處理，是決定建筑使用壽命和安全性的關鍵。很多項目在這兩個環節“省錢”，結果幾年后就付出更大代價。

The fire prevention and anti-corrosion treatment of lightweight steel structures is the key to determining the service life and safety of buildings. Many projects save money in these two stages, but end up paying a greater price a few years later.

防腐處理：三道防線缺一不可

Anti corrosion treatment: Three lines of defense are indispensable

第一道防線：表面處理。 構件表面處理除銹質量等級要求達到Sa2.0～Sa2.5以上。表面處理采用拋丸工藝。輕鋼結構主要是H型實腹梁柱結構，表面處理和涂裝工藝較簡單，容易實現機械化流水作業。

The first line of defense: surface treatment. The quality level of rust removal for component surface treatment should reach Sa2.0-Sa2.5 or above. The surface treatment adopts shot blasting technology. Light steel structures are mainly H-shaped solid web beam column structures, with simple surface treatment and coating processes, making it easy to achieve mechanized assembly line operations.

第二道防線：底漆。 根據構件所處環境介質的不同，選擇防銹底漆。輕鋼結構底漆主要是醇酸類的，也可以是環氧富鋅類的。

The second line of defense: primer. Choose anti rust primer according to the different environmental media in which the component is located. The primer for light steel structures is mainly composed of alcohol acid and can also be epoxy zinc rich.

第三道防線：面漆與防火涂料。 在安裝工地根據需要再涂刷面漆或防火涂料。

The third line of defense: topcoat and fireproof coating. Apply topcoat or fire-resistant coating as needed at the installation site.

年防腐要點：選型時需重點關注防腐涂層厚度（通常要求≥150μm） 。彩鋼板基板AZ150（150g/㎡）是底線，低于此值在南方高濕+工業區3年內就出現切口銹蝕。2026年頭部廠已普遍推AZ275。正面PVDF氟碳涂層必須雙涂雙烘，膜厚≥25μm，且背面同步涂覆環氧底漆。

Annual anti-corrosion key points: When selecting, special attention should be paid to the thickness of the anti-corrosion coating (usually required to be ≥ 150 μ m). The AZ150 (150g/㎡) color steel plate substrate is the bottom line, and if it is lower than this value, incision corrosion will occur within 3 years in high humidity and industrial areas in the south. By 2026, top factories will generally promote AZ275. The PVDF fluorocarbon coating on the front must be double coated and double baked, with a film thickness of ≥ 25 μ m, and the back must be simultaneously coated with epoxy primer.

防火處理：耐火極限是硬指標

Fireproof treatment: The fire resistance limit is a hard indicator

輕型鋼結構的防火設計應符合現行國家標準《建筑設計防火規范》GB50016的規定，合理確定建筑物的防火類別與防火等級。鋼結構構件的耐火極限應滿足有關要求。

The fire protection design of lightweight steel structures should comply with the current national standard "Code for Fire Protection Design of Buildings" GB50016, and reasonably determine the fire protection category and level of the building. The fire resistance limit of steel structural components should meet relevant requirements.

年防火成本變化：防火涂料人工費翻倍——二級耐火需涂刷2.5mm厚薄型膨脹型涂料。環保驗收強制加裝鋼構焊煙凈化設備（單臺3.2萬元起）。

Annual cost change for fire protection: Labor cost for fire protection coating doubles -2.5mm thick thin expansion type coating is required for secondary fire resistance. Mandatory installation of steel structure welding smoke purification equipment for environmental acceptance (starting at 32000 yuan per unit).

選型時的量化參數：

Quantitative parameters for selection:

選型時需重點關注用鋼量指標、防腐涂層厚度（通常要求≥150μm）、高強度螺栓連接副的扭矩系數、焊縫無損探傷比例（一級焊縫100%探傷） 等量化參數。

When selecting, special attention should be paid to quantitative parameters such as steel quantity indicators, anti-corrosion coating thickness (usually required to be ≥ 150 μ m), torque coefficient of high-strength bolt connection pairs, and non-destructive testing ratio of welds (100% testing for first level welds).

年真實造價：

Annual actual cost:

普通單層門式剛架廠房（含基礎、主次鋼構、屋面墻面彩鋼板、常規天溝+落水管），不含地基處理和消防配套，綜合單價已漲至1180-1450元/㎡，比2023年上漲約22%。主要成本上漲來自三方面：Q355B高強鋼材每噸漲到4980元（2023年3860元）、防火涂料人工費翻倍、環保驗收強制加裝的鋼構焊煙凈化設備。

Ordinary single-layer portal frame factory building (including foundation, primary and secondary steel structures, roof and wall color steel plates, conventional gutters and downspouts), excluding foundation treatment and fire protection facilities, the comprehensive unit price has risen to 1180-1450 yuan/square meter, an increase of about 22% compared to 2023. The main cost increase comes from three aspects: the price of Q355B high-strength steel has risen to 4980 yuan per ton (3860 yuan in 2023), the labor cost of fireproof coating has doubled, and the mandatory installation of steel structure welding smoke purification equipment for environmental acceptance.

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