“輕型鋼結構”這個術語涵蓋了兩類結構邏輯、材料規格、應用場景完全不同的技術體系。如果混為一談，選型時大概率會踩坑。

The term 'lightweight steel structure' encompasses two completely different technical systems in terms of structural logic, material specifications, and application scenarios. If mixed up, there is a high probability of falling into pitfalls when selecting.

體系一：門式剛架——工業廠房的主流選擇。

System 1: Portal frame - the mainstream choice for industrial plants.

門式剛架采用熱軋H型鋼（Q355B材質），由鋼柱、鋼梁（變截面或等截面）、支撐系統、檁條、墻梁等組成。柱腳可鉸接也可剛接，能配5T-32T吊車。

The portal frame is made of hot-rolled H-shaped steel (Q355B material), consisting of steel columns, steel beams (variable or equal section), support systems, purlins, wall beams, etc. The column base can be hinged or rigidly connected, and can be equipped with a 5T-32T crane.

核心參數：跨度可達18-36米，檐口高度可達9-12米，用鋼量30-50kg/㎡（跨度、荷載不同差異大）。

Core parameters: The span can reach 18-36 meters, the eaves height can reach 9-12 meters, and the steel consumption is 30-50kg/㎡ (with significant differences in span and load).

適用場景：工業廠房、物流倉儲、大型超市、汽車4S店等需要大跨度、大空間的建筑。市場訂單量中76%是門式剛架結構。

Applicable scenarios: Industrial plants, logistics warehouses, large supermarkets, automobile 4S stores, and other buildings that require large spans and spaces. 76% of the market orders are for portal frame structures.

選型要點：設計使用年限不低于50年，安全等級不低于二級。防火等級按GB50016確定，耐火極限需滿足要求。防腐涂層厚度≥150μm。

Selection criteria: The design service life should not be less than 50 years, and the safety level should not be lower than level two. The fire rating is determined according to GB50016, and the fire resistance limit must meet the requirements. The thickness of the anti-corrosion coating is ≥ 150 μ m.

體系二：冷彎薄壁型鋼——輕鋼別墅的技術路線。

System 2: Cold formed thin-walled steel - the technical route for light steel villas.

冷彎薄壁型鋼采用壁厚≤2.5mm的C/Z型鋼（Q235或Q345），通過冷彎成型工藝加工。構件在工廠預制，現場拼裝。不設吊車，跨度≤18m，檐口高度≤9m。

Cold formed thin-walled steel is made of C/Z steel (Q235 or Q345) with a wall thickness of ≤ 2.5mm, processed through cold bending forming technology. Components are prefabricated in the factory and assembled on site. No crane, span ≤ 18m, eaves height ≤ 9m.

核心參數：壁厚0.8-2.5mm，用鋼量25-35kg/㎡（遠低于門式剛架），自重僅為傳統結構的1/5至1/8。

Core parameters: Wall thickness of 0.8-2.5mm, steel consumption of 25-35kg/㎡ (much lower than that of portal frames), and self weight of only 1/5 to 1/8 of traditional structures.

適用場景：低層住宅、別墅、臨時建筑、小型辦公樓、營地設施等。新建占比不足12%，是小眾但增長快的細分市場。

Applicable scenarios: Low rise residential buildings, villas, temporary structures, small office buildings, campsite facilities, etc. The proportion of new constructions is less than 12%, making it a niche but rapidly growing niche market.

選型要點：采用自攻螺釘連接，不得現場焊接。對施工精度要求極高——安裝偏差需控制在2mm以內。構件表面鍍鋅層≥275g/㎡。

Selection points: Use self tapping screws for connection and do not weld on site. The requirement for construction accuracy is extremely high - the installation deviation needs to be controlled within 2mm. The galvanized layer on the surface of the component is ≥ 275g/㎡.

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